I
nternational Electrotechnical Commission
Glossary
Electropedia
Terms defined in
IEC 61836
3.1.1
amorphous photovoltaic material
3.1.2
amorphous silicon
3.1.3
anti-reflective coating
3.1.4
back surface field effect
3.1.5
band gap energy
3.1.6
barrier energy
3.1.7
bus lines
3.1.8
bypass diode (on a module level)
3.1.9
cell
3.1.10
cell barrier
3.1.11
cell junction
3.1.12
CIS photovoltaic cell
3.1.13
compound semiconductor photovoltaic cell
3.1.14
conversion efficiency
3.1.15
crystalline silicon
3.1.16
current
3.1.17
Czochralski process
3.1.18
dark current
3.1.19
device
3.1.20
diffusion layer
3.1.21
directional solidification
3.1.22
donor (in photovoltaic cells)
3.1.23
dopant (in photovoltaic cells)
3.1.24
dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell
3.1.25
effect
3.1.26
electromagnetic casting
3.1.27
energy gap
3.1.28
float zone melting
3.1.29
grid lines
3.1.30
heterojunction
3.1.31
hot spot
3.1.32
ingot manufacturing process
3.1.33
integrated type photovoltaic cell
3.1.34
junction (of semiconductors)
3.1.35
light confinement effect
3.1.36
material
3.1.37
metallisation line
3.1.38
microcrystalline silicon
3.1.39
module
3.1.40
multicrystalline silicon
3.1.41
multijunction photovoltaic cell
3.1.42
organic photovoltaic cell
3.1.43
photovoltaic, photovoltaics
3.1.44
PIN junction
3.1.45
PN junction
3.1.46
PN junction photovoltaic cell
3.1.47
polycrystalline silicon
3.1.48
power
3.1.49
primary reference photovoltaic cell
3.1.50
reference photovoltaic cell
3.1.51
reference photovoltaic device
3.1.52
reference photovoltaic module
3.1.53
ribbon
3.1.54
Schottky barrier photovoltaic cell
3.1.55
Schottky junction
3.1.56
secondary reference photovoltaic cell
3.1.57
semiconductor material
3.1.58
silicon
3.1.59
silicon photovoltaic cell
3.1.60
single crystalline silicon
3.1.61
solar photovoltaic, solar photovoltaics
3.1.62
stacked photovoltaic cell
3.1.63
tandem photovoltaic cell
3.1.64
transparent conducting oxide layer
3.1.65
textured surface
3.1.66
thin film photovoltaic cell
3.1.67
transparent electrode
3.1.68
wafer
3.2.1
array
3.2.2
array cable
3.2.3
array junction box
3.2.4
automatic start/stop
3.2.5
blocking diode
3.2.6
bypass diode (on a PV system level)
3.2.7
commutation (static inverters)
3.2.8
current control type inverter
3.2.9
current stiff type inverter
3.2.10
DC conditioner
3.2.11
DC main cable
3.2.12
generator junction box
3.2.13
high frequency link type inverter
3.2.14
input voltage operating range
3.2.15
inverter
3.2.16
junction box
3.2.17
lead-acid battery
3.2.18
line commutation
3.2.19
line commutation type
3.2.20
non-islanding inverter
3.2.21
photovoltaic
3.2.22
power conditioner
3.2.23
pulse width modulation control
3.2.24
self-commutation
3.2.25
self-commutation type
3.2.26
soft-start
3.2.27
solar photovoltaic
3.2.28
stand-alone inverter
3.2.29
string cable
3.2.30
string inverter
3.2.31
supply cable
3.2.32
support structure
3.2.33
transformerless type inverter
3.2.34
utility frequency link type inverter
3.2.35
utility interactive inverter
3.2.36
utility interface disconnect switch
3.2.37
valve regulated lead-acid battery
3.2.38
vented lead-acid battery
3.2.39
voltage control type inverter
3.2.40
voltage stiff type inverter
3.3.1
AC/AC interface
3.3.2
AC photovoltaic module
3.3.3
AC side
3.3.4
AC side switchover
3.3.5
array field
3.3.6
assembly
3.3.7
backfeed operation
3.3.8
balance of system
3.3.9
centralized photovoltaic system
3.3.10
collective electrification system
3.3.11
DC/DC interface
3.3.12
DC interface
3.3.13
DC side
3.3.14
DC side switchover
3.3.15
dispatchable electric system
3.3.16
dispersed array system
3.3.17
dispersed photovoltaic system
3.3.18
distributed generation PV system
3.3.19
distributed generation system
3.3.20
distributed generator
3.3.21
distribution system
3.3.22
domestic photovoltaic system
3.3.23
electrical utility
3.3.24
electrify
3.3.25
generator
3.3.26
genset
3.3.27
grid
3.3.28
grid backed-up photovoltaic system
3.3.29
grid-connected operation
3.3.30
grid-connected photovoltaic system
3.3.31
hybrid photovoltaic system
3.3.32
individual electrification system
3.3.33
interface
3.3.34
island
3.3.35
islanding operation
3.3.36
isolated operation
3.3.37
isolated photovoltaic system
3.3.38
isolated site
3.3.39
load offset system
3.3.40
master control and monitoring sub-system
3.3.41
merchant power system
3.3.42
micropower system
3.3.43
mode
3.3.44
monitor and control sub-system
3.3.45
multi-dispersed photovoltaic system
3.3.46
multi-source photovoltaic system
3.3.47
non-dispatchable power system
3.3.48
non-domestic photovoltaic system
3.3.49
off-grid operation
3.3.50
off-grid photovoltaic system
3.3.51
on-grid
3.3.52
operation (photovoltaics)
3.3.53
panel
3.3.54
parallel circuit of modules
3.3.55
parallel operation
3.3.56
photovoltaic
3.3.57
photovoltaic components
3.3.58
photovoltaic installation
3.3.59
photovoltaic energy system
3.3.60
photovoltaic plant
3.3.61
photovoltaic power system
3.3.62
photovoltaic system
3.3.63
power conditioning sub-system
3.3.64
power system
3.3.65
remote site
3.3.66
safety disconnect control and monitoring sub-system
3.3.67
site
3.3.68
solar home system
3.3.69
solar photovoltaic
3.3.70
stand-alone operation
3.3.71
stand-alone photovoltaic system
3.3.72
storage sub-system
3.3.73
string
3.3.74
sub-array
3.3.75
sub-system
3.3.76
system
3.3.77
utility grid
3.3.78
utility interactive photovoltaic system
3.3.79
utility interface
3.4.1
acceptance test conditions
3.4.2
ampere-hour efficiency
3.4.3
aperture area
3.4.4
area
3.4.5
array capture losses
3.4.6
array efficiency
3.4.7
array yield
3.4.8
assumed non-sunshine period
3.4.9
BOS losses
3.4.10
capacity
3.4.11
cell area
3.4.12
cell junction temperature
3.4.13
charging efficiency
3.4.14
coefficient
3.4.15
collection efficiency
3.4.16
conditions
3.4.17
conversion efficiency
3.4.18
conversion factor
3.4.19
current density (photovoltaic cell)
3.4.20
current-temperature coefficient
3.4.21
current-voltage characteristic
3.4.22
DC ripple factor
3.4.23
dependency on solar energy
3.4.24
depth of discharge
3.4.25
effective energy efficiency
3.4.26
efficiency
3.4.27
electromagnetic interference
3.4.28
energy
3.4.29
equivalent photovoltaic cell temperature
3.4.30
fill factor
3.4.31
final annual yield
3.4.32
final system yield
3.4.33
fixed voltage operation
3.4.34
installed capacity
3.4.35
installed power
3.4.36
inverter efficiency
3.4.37
inverter mismatch loss
3.4.38
linearity
3.4.39
load
3.4.40
losses
3.4.41
maximum input voltage
3.4.42
maximum power
3.4.43
mean array efficiency
3.4.44
mismatch error
3.4.45
mismatch loss
3.4.46
module area
3.4.47
module mismatch loss
3.4.48
module packing factor
3.4.49
module surface temperature
3.4.50
module temperature
3.4.51
no load loss
3.4.52
nominal operating photovoltaic cell temperature
3.4.53
nominal system power
3.4.54
non-uniformity
3.4.55
normalised losses
3.4.56
open-circuit voltage (photovoltaic devices)
3.4.57
operating conditions
3.4.58
optional test conditions
3.4.59
overall system efficiency
3.4.60
overload capability
3.4.61
partial efficiency
3.4.62
partial load efficiency
3.4.63
partial state of charge
3.4.64
peak power
3.4.65
peak sun hours
3.4.66
performance ratio
3.4.67
photovoltaic energy
3.4.68
power efficiency
3.4.69
rated
3.4.70
reference yield
3.4.71
relative spectral response
3.4.72
relative spectral response under load
3.4.73
residual capacity
3.4.74
reverse power flow
3.4.75
safe extra low voltage
3.4.76
self-discharge
3.4.77
series resistance
3.4.78
shadow cover rate
3.4.79
sheet resistance
3.4.80
short-circuit current
3.4.81
shunt resistance
3.4.82
spectral responsivity
3.4.83
standard operating conditions
3.4.84
standard test conditions
3.4.85
standby loss
3.4.86
state of charge
3.4.87
system efficiency
3.4.88
system output energy
3.4.89
system power
3.4.90
test conditions
3.4.91
total harmonic distortion
3.4.92
voltage-irradiance coefficient
3.4.93
voltage-temperature coefficient
3.4.94
watt-hour efficiency
3.4.95
weighted average conversion efficiency
3.4.96
yield
3.5.1
absolute radiometer
3.5.2
monochromatic light source
3.5.3
photovoltaic array simulator
3.5.4
pulse type solar simulator
3.5.5
pyranometer
3.5.6
pyrheliometer
3.5.7
radiometer
3.5.8
solar simulator
3.5.9
spectroradiometer
3.5.10
steady-state type solar simulator
3.5.11
temporal simulator instability
3.6.1
air mass index
3.6.2
albedo
3.6.3
ambient temperature
3.6.4
angle
3.6.5
annealing conditioning
3.6.6
aperture angle
3.6.7
atmospheric
3.6.8
azimuth angle
3.6.9
conditioning
3.6.10
damp heat test
3.6.11
diffuse irradiance
3.6.12
diffuse irradiation
3.6.13
direct irradiance
3.6.14
direct irradiation
3.6.15
environmental test
3.6.16
global irradiance
3.6.17
global irradiation
3.6.18
hail test
3.6.19
hot-spot endurance test
3.6.20
humidity freeze test
3.6.21
impact test
3.6.22
in-plane irradiance
3.6.23
insulation test
3.6.24
integrated irradiance
3.6.25
irradiance
3.6.26
irradiation
3.6.27
light soaking conditioning
3.6.28
mechanical load test
3.6.29
outdoor exposure test
3.6.30
ozone content
3.6.31
plane of array irradiance
3.6.32
precipitable water vapour content
3.6.33
reference spectral irradiance distribution
3.6.34
robustness of terminations test
3.6.35
salt mist test
3.6.36
spectral irradiance
3.6.37
spectral irradiance distribution
3.6.38
spectral photon irradiance
3.6.39
spectrum
3.6.40
solar
3.6.41
solar elevation angle
3.6.42
test irradiance
3.6.43
thermal cycling test
3.6.44
tilt angle
3.6.45
total irradiance
3.6.46
total irradiation
3.6.47
transmissivity
3.6.48
turbidity
3.6.49
twist test
3.6.50
UV test
3.6.51
wet leakage current test
3.6.52
white bias light
3.7.1
acceptance tests
3.7.2
applicant
3.7.3
calibration
3.7.4
cell manufacturer
3.7.5
certificate of conformity
3.7.6
certification
3.7.7
certified reference photovoltaic material
3.7.8
conformity
3.7.9
inspection
3.7.10
interlaboratory testing
3.7.11
laboratory
3.7.12
licensee (for certification)
3.7.13
license for certification
3.7.14
manufacturer
3.7.15
memorandum of understanding
3.7.16
module manufacturer
3.7.17
participant
3.7.18
photovoltaic elements/equipment
3.7.19
proficiency testing
3.7.20
qualification test
3.7.21
quality manual
3.7.22
quality system
3.7.23
reference material
3.7.24
reference standard
3.7.25
standard
3.7.26
system producer
3.7.27
test and calibration procedures manual
3.7.28
testing
3.7.29
testing laboratory
3.7.30
testing laboratory (third-party)
3.7.31
test method
3.7.32
test
3.7.33
test sequence
3.7.34
third-party certification
3.7.35
traceability
3.7.36
type approval
3.7.37
type test
3.7.38
uniformity
3.7.39
verification
3.7.40
verification testing
3.8.1
active aperture area
3.8.2
aperture area efficiency
3.8.3
cell
3.8.4
concentration ratio
3.8.5
concentrator
3.8.6
dual-axis tracker
3.8.7
efficiency
3.8.8
Fresnel lens
3.8.9
geometric concentration ratio
3.8.10
lens efficiency
3.8.11
pointing axis
3.8.12
radiant concentration ratio
3.8.13
receiver
3.8.14
single-axis tracker
3.8.15
tracker
3.9.1
turnkey price
3.9.2
project developer
3.9.3
general specification
3.9.4
engineering consultant
3.9.5
project co-ordinator or general contractor
3.9.6
sub-contractor
3.9.7
operator
3.9.8
maintenance contractor
3.9.9
user
3.10.1
demonstration programme
3.10.2
demonstration project
3.10.3
field test programme
3.10.4
market deployment initiative
3.10.5
PV power system market