electric power or energy that does not result in the service that is intended

NOTE 1 See also IEV 151-15-26

a) array capture losses

(Symbol: L_c)

normalised losses of a given PV system due to the energy losses of its PV array

NOTE 2 PV array capture losses are found from the difference between the reference yield and the PV array yield. These losses arise from mis-match losses, conversion losses, array soiling, etc

b) balance of system losses

(Symbol: L_BOS)

normalised losses of a given PV system due to the energy losses of its BOS components

c) normalised losses

(Unit: J ´ kW^–1 Usually expressed as kWh ´ kW^–1 over any convenient unit of time. Commonly it is calculated over a day, which then gives a unit of h ´ d^–1)

duration that a PV device or PV system would need to operate at its rated power to compensate for the energy losses of that PV device or PV system

NOTE 3 Normalised losses are commonly calculated from a difference in given yields